Porro - Allium porrum

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Generalitа

The leek, whose Latin name is Allium porrum, is a garden plant cultivated throughout Italy and probably originating from the Mediterranean regions. Of this plant the stem is used, constituted by the leaf sheaths, closely superimposed the one high others. It is used raw, as a condiment, or cooked.
Allium porrum is a biennial plant grown as an annual.
40-80 cm high, it has a collated root system formed by numerous thin roots, these originate from a reduced stem.
The linear and lanceolate leaves are also inserted in the stem, closely superimposed on each other in the basal portion, and arranged in two opposite series.

Flowers

In the year following the one in which the Allium porrum is sown, the floral scape is formed up to 80 cm high, bearing at the upper end an umbrella-shaped inflorescence, globular, formed by a very high number of white flowers, pink or lilac.
The seeds are small, black, angular.

Variety

The Long Giant of Winter, the Elephant, the Monstrous of Carentan, the Genovese, Grosso Corto Monstrous of Rouen, Grosso Corto d'Estate, Giant of Italy.

Climate and terrain

Climate: likes temperate climates, but also tolerates the cold well.
Soil: the leek grows well in fairly light and fertile soils

Turnover and consociaizone

Rotation: must not follow cabbages and potatoes. It must not be cultivated again on the same garden before at least four years have elapsed from the previous crop.
Combination: with cabbage, lettuce, fennel, carrots.

Sowing and planting

Sowing takes place in seedbeds at a depth of a few millimeters: in a warm bed in December-January or outdoors from March to June, directly in the vegetable garden from March to July.
When the seedlings have formed the fourth / fifth leaf and the diameter of the false stem and about 1 cm, the transplant is performed; this operation is performed after slightly cutting the leaves, on cloudy days or after sunset.
The soil is prepared by a deep digging and with subsequent hoeing. during which 30/40 g / m2 of complex fertilizer are administered 6-12-9. After the transplant some weeding and a earthing up are carried out by watering the soil if dry.
Distance between plants 15-20 cm on the row, and 25-30 cm between the rows.

Collection and storage

Harvesting takes place at different times, depending on the period in which the sowing and transplanting took place; harvest periods fall in summer, autumn and winter. The leek can be stored under suitable conditions for quite long periods of time. Before using it, the outer leaves are eliminated;

Fertilizing

The mature manure (4 g / m2) must be buried in the summer / autumn at a depth of 30 cm. During the cultivation, cover fertilization is also carried out, with a limited quantity of calcium nitrate; It is advisable not to exceed in the quantity of nitrogen fertilizers, since, in this case, little conservable leeks would be obtained.

Crop care

The soil must always be kept free from weeds, carrying out repeated weeding and scraping.
In the periods in which it does not rain it is necessary to water abundantly but avoid stagnation of water.

Porro - Allium porrum: Adversity

Cancer causes deformations and cracks. The fight is based on Bordeaux-based mash treatments, the rest diseases and parasites are similar to those of garlic and onion.

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